FeLV (Feline Leukemia Virus) or leukemia in cats, is a viral disease that affects cats and is caused by a retrovirus that compromises the immune system. This virus is one of the main causes of serious diseases in felines and can lead to complications such as secondary infections, anemia, and even cancer.
Transmission:
Direct contact: FeLV is transmitted primarily through saliva, biting, licking, or sharing food and water bowls.
Other forms: It can be transmitted from mother to offspring during pregnancy or breastfeeding, and also through blood transfusions.
Symptoms:
Symptoms may vary depending on the stage of the infection, but include:
Early (asymptomatic) phase: Many cats do not show symptoms soon after exposure.
Advanced symptoms:
Weight loss.
Persistent fever.
Apathy and weakness.
Gingivitis or mouth infections.
Anemia.
Development of lymphomas.
Diagnosis:
Done through blood tests, such as the ELISA test, which detects the presence of the virus.
Confirmatory tests, such as IFA (Immunofluorescent Antibody Test), can be used.
Treatment:
There is no definitive cure for FeLV, but palliative care helps improve quality of life:
Control of secondary infections.
Balanced diet and stress-free environment.
Immunomodulatory drugs in some cases.
Prevention:
Vaccination: Vaccines are available and recommended for at-risk cats.
Avoid exposure: Keep infected cats separate from healthy cats.
Testing before adoption: It is essential to test cats before introducing them into a home with other felines.
Prognosis: Prognosis varies; some cats live for many years without serious signs, while others develop related diseases quickly. Early detection and proper care are essential to prolonging the life and well-being of the infected cat.
If you suspect your cat has been exposed or has related symptoms, seek veterinary advice immediately for specific advice and care.
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